-
Coffee was brought to Europe
by traders from their travels
to the far East and Levant.
It was mentioned for the first
time by Leonhard Raowalf, a
renowned doctor of medicine
and botany, in his memoirs "Raowalf's
Travels". It was in the
year 1576, and it says: "If
you feel a desire to drink or
eat something there is an open
shop nearby, where you can sit
on the floor or a rug and have
a drink in company of other
men. They have an exceptional
beverage, which they call CHAUBE
(coffee). The beverage is black
almost like ink and it helps
alleviate health difficulties,
mostly stomach problems. It
is drunk early in the morning,
in the open, without Chinese
porcelain, hot... They frequently
sip it, but each time they take
just a small sip and pass it
on in a circle. |
-Coffee
usage spread from Constantinople
via Italy to western Europe
where it was soon accepted owing
to Venetian trading connections
with Levant. Italian botanist
and doctor of medicine Prospero
Alpini brought from his travels
to Egypt (1850) first official
description of the coffee plant,
which he published in Venice:
"I saw a tree in Cairo.
It reminded me of a plant from
Egypt that bears fruit and people
call it bon or ban. Arabs and
Egyptians use it to make a sort
of beverage which they drink
instead of wine and offer it
on all public places, just like
we offer wine. They call it
CAOVA. The tree I saw looks
like (spindle tree), but its
leaves are thicker, more solid;
greener. It is an evergreen." |
| -
In the beginning of its European
history coffee had often been
condemned and banned by the
Catholic Church. They called
it a satanic potion, which Muslims
drank instead of wine. Coffee
was their substitute for wine,
which they were not allowed
to drink because of the connection
with the Christian sacred traditions.
At those times, Pope Clement
VIII tasted coffee out of curiosity
and he liked it so much that
he decided to bless it thus
it become a Christian drink.
|
- According
to the records, the first coffee
berries were brought to Venice
by Pierre Della Valle from his
travel to Turkey in 1615. In
the beginning coffee was mostly
used for medical purposes and
it was very expensive. |
-
The first coffee house in Italy
was opened in 1645, where coffee
was sold along with all other
refreshing drinks. By the end
of the 18th century the oriental
coffee counterpart was called
CAFFE. Many catering facilities
were opened in France, Germany
and England on the model of
Italian cafés. |
- The most
famous Venetian coffee house
"CAFFE FLORIAN " was
opened at St Marco’s Square
in 1720 by Florian Francesconi.
In those days it was a meeting
place for the world elite. |
-
In 1644 coffee was imported
to France via Marseilles (P.
della Rouqe); |
- 1650
– first coffee house in Oxford,
at first it was favoured by
students only; |
-
In 1652 first advertisement
for coffee was published, Pasqna
Rosee was the first one to get
the permission to publicly sell
coffee in London; London traders
grew accustomed to drinking
coffee in Turkey and Dalmatia, |
- In 1616
Pieter van dan Broeck brought
coffee from Mocha to Holland, |
-
In 1670 the custom of coffee
drinking was brought to Germany
from London, when an English
trader opened a coffee house
in Hamburg; |
- In 1683,
with the Turkish siege, coffee
reached Vienna, where many elite
coffee houses were opened which
soon became a role model for
the rest of the world. The most
famous coffee house is SACHER
CAFFE; |
-
1624-1664 coffee was imported
to North America from Amsterdam
during the occupation. New England
and other colonies followed
the European example and opened
coffee houses; |
- In 1808
the first stock exchange market
for coffee was opened in Boston
as a result of a heavy market
development on that area; |
-
the famous "coffee railway"
- runs from Santos to Sao Paolo,
it is 49 miles long and in some
parts it runs at the altitude
of 2500 meters. |